{"id":65,"date":"2022-10-25T20:29:23","date_gmt":"2022-10-25T20:29:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/?p=65"},"modified":"2022-11-23T11:20:40","modified_gmt":"2022-11-23T11:20:40","slug":"emzirme-egitimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/?p=65","title":{"rendered":"Emzirme E\u011fitimi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Meme dokusu yeni do\u011fmu\u015f bir bebe\u011fin ihtiyac\u0131 olan anne s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcretilmesi ve salg\u0131lanmas\u0131 g\u00f6revlerini m\u00fckemmel olarak yerine getirecek bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Meme dokusu gebelik d\u00f6neminde artan hormonlar\u0131n etkisiyle daha ilk haftalardan itibaren \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fikliklere u\u011frar ve 20. haftadan itibaren\u00a0kolostrum<\/strong>\u00a0ad\u0131 verilen ilk s\u00fct, meme kanallar\u0131ndan salg\u0131lanmaya haz\u0131r hale gelir.Baz\u0131 anne adaylar\u0131nda gebelik d\u00f6neminde belirgin \u015fekilde kolostrum salg\u0131s\u0131 olabilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Do\u011fan\u0131n inan\u0131lmaz g\u00fcc\u00fc s\u00fct yap\u0131m\u0131nda da kendini g\u00f6sterir:<\/strong><\/p>\n

preterm (zaman\u0131ndan \u00f6nce do\u011fmu\u015f) bebeklerin ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu maddelerle term (zaman\u0131nda do\u011fan) bebeklerin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 birbirinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r ve buna uygun olarak gebelik haftas\u0131na g\u00f6re kolostrumun bile\u015fimi \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler g\u00f6sterir. B\u00f6ylece preterm do\u011fan bebe\u011fin annesinden emdi\u011fi s\u00fct, erken do\u011fmu\u015f olman\u0131n getirdi\u011fi ihtiya\u00e7lara daha iyi cevap verir.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerin ve meme dokusunun anatomisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcsler kad\u0131nda ergenlik d\u00f6neminde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle birlikte geli\u015fim g\u00f6sterirler. G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerin son ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck genetik fakt\u00f6rlerle yak\u0131ndan ilgili olmakla beraber v\u00fccudun ya\u011f oran\u0131 da b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc etkileyen \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc v\u00fccuttaki hormonal de\u011fi\u015fikliklere de cevap verir ve \u00f6zellikle adet \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemde kad\u0131nlar g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerinde dolgunluk ve bazen hafif a\u011fr\u0131 hissederler. Bu dolgunluk ve hassasiyet adet g\u00f6rmekle beraber h\u0131zla kaybolur.<\/p>\n

Gebelik d\u00f6neminde de yine de\u011fi\u015fen hormonal ortam g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine ve bazen hassasla\u015fmas\u0131na neden olur.<\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131 sollu yeralan g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerin her birinde ortada\u00a0memeucu (areola)<\/strong>\u00a0ad\u0131 verilen koyu renkli yuvarlak bir yap\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu yap\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda da\u00a0memeba\u015f\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0ad\u0131 verilen silindir \u015feklinde s\u00fct\u00fcn esas bo\u015fald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131 yeral\u0131r. Memeucunda yeralan\u00a0Montgomery salg\u0131 bezleri<\/strong>\u00a0kaygan bir s\u0131v\u0131 salg\u0131layarak memeba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n esnek kalmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve enfeksiyonlardan korunmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Yandaki resimde g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs\u00fcn i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6nden, ikinci resimde ise yandan yap\u0131lan bir kesitte g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Her g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs,\u00a0lob<\/strong>\u00a0ad\u0131 verilen 15-20 adet ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z s\u00fct \u00fcreten birimden olu\u015fur. Her lob kendi i\u00e7inde\u00a0lob\u00fcl\u00a0<\/strong>ad\u0131 verilen 20-40 adet daha ufak altbirime ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Her lob\u00fcl de yine kendi i\u00e7inde i\u00e7indealveol<\/strong>ad\u0131 verilen ve esas s\u00fct \u00fcreten h\u00fccrelerin topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da b\u00f6l\u00fcme ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"gebelik.org\"<\/p>\n

Meme dokusu i\u00e7inde \u00fcretilen s\u00fct\u00fc d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok say\u0131da s\u00fct iletim kanal ve kanalc\u0131klar\u0131 bulunur. B\u00f6ylece \u00fcretilen s\u00fct alveollerden\u00a0dukt\u00fcl<\/strong>ad\u0131 verilen kanalc\u0131klara, oradan da\u00a0duktus<\/strong>\u00a0ad\u0131 verilen b\u00fcy\u00fck kanallara ge\u00e7er. Buradan da hemen memeucunun alt\u0131nda yeralan\u00a0s\u00fct sin\u00fcsleri<\/strong>ne ge\u00e7er ve nihayetinde memeba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde yeralan \u00e7ok say\u0131da minik deliklerden d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/div>\n

Bebek emme esnas\u0131nda di\u015fetleri ve dudaklar\u0131yla s\u00fct sin\u00fcslerine d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bask\u0131 uygulayarak ve masaj yaparak s\u00fct\u00fcn sin\u00fcslerden memeba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7erek d\u0131\u015far\u0131 akmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bebek emme esnas\u0131nda di\u015fetleri ve dudaklar\u0131yla s\u00fct sin\u00fcslerine d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bask\u0131 uygulayarak ve masaj yaparak s\u00fct\u00fcn sin\u00fcslerden memeba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7erek d\u0131\u015far\u0131 akmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00fct \u00fcretimi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gebelik d\u00f6neminde artan\u00a0\u00f6strojen hormonu<\/strong>\u00a0memelerin i\u00e7indeki kanallar\u0131 geli\u015ftirip bebe\u011fin ihtiyac\u0131 olan s\u00fct\u00fcn ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde etki yapar. Yine gebelikte salg\u0131s\u0131 belirgin olarak artan\u00a0progesteron<\/strong>, s\u00fct salg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yapacak olan s\u00fct \u00fcretici birimlerin (loblar\u0131n) b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini ve geli\u015fmesini sa\u011flar. Bu de\u011fi\u015fikliklerde gerekli olan enerji ve besin maddelerini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in meme dokusuna giden kan ak\u0131m\u0131 da \u00f6nemli derecede artar ve bu nedenle\u00a0g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerin \u00fczerinde yeralan y\u00fczeye yak\u0131n toplardamarlar belirginle\u015ferek daha geni\u015flemi\u015f olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrler.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Prolaktin<\/strong>\u00a0ve\u00a0oksitosin<\/strong>\u00a0ad\u0131 verilen iki hormon s\u00fct \u00fcretiminde ve \u00fcretilen s\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00fct kanallar\u0131nda ilerlemesinde \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revler \u00fcstlenir. Bebek memeucunu emdik\u00e7e annenin beyninin altk\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda bulunan\u00a0hipofiz bezinin \u00f6n par\u00e7as\u0131<\/strong>ndan prolaktin salg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 uyar\u0131r. Kana ge\u00e7en prolaktin buradan alveollere giderek buradaki s\u00fct yap\u0131c\u0131 h\u00fccrelerin s\u00fct yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bebe\u011fin emmesi prolaktin salg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmas\u0131 yan\u0131nda\u00a0hipofiz bezinin arka par\u00e7as\u0131ndan<\/strong>\u00a0kana oksitosin salg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 da art\u0131r\u0131r.\u00a0(Bebe\u011fin hayal edilmesi veya a\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n duyulmas\u0131 da ayn\u0131 etkiyi yaratabilir)<\/strong>. Oksitosin s\u00fct \u00fcreten h\u00fccrelerin etraf\u0131nda bulunan kas dokusunu harekete ge\u00e7irerek bunlar\u0131n kas\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bu kas\u0131lmayla da s\u00fct\u00fcn kanallarda ilerlemesini sa\u011flar. Ayr\u0131ca oksitosinin kanallar\u0131 geni\u015fletici etkisi s\u00fct\u00fcn kanallarda ilerlemesini daha da kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Oksitosinin y\u00fcksek dozlarda uterusu kas\u0131c\u0131 etkileri de vard\u0131r ve bu nedenle bu hormon do\u011fum eylemi fizyolojisinde ve do\u011fum sonras\u0131 uterusun “toparlanmas\u0131nda” \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revler \u00fcstlenir. Bu nedenle emziren annelerde, emzirmeyenlere g\u00f6re uterus daha kolay “toparlan\u0131r. Oksitosinin uterusu kas\u0131c\u0131 bu etkilerinden “suni sanc\u0131<\/a>” olu\u015fturulmas\u0131nda ve do\u011fum sonras\u0131 kanamalar\u0131 durdurmada da faydalan\u0131l\u0131r ve bu ama\u00e7la oksitosinin ila\u00e7 haline getirilmi\u015f \u015fekli serum i\u00e7inde d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan verilir.<\/p>\n

S\u00fct \u00fcretimi arz ve talep kanunlar\u0131na g\u00f6re i\u015fler. Bebek ne kadar emerse o kadar \u00e7ok hormon salg\u0131lan\u0131r ve o kadar \u00e7ok s\u00fct \u00fcretilir.\u00a0Bebe\u011fe ek besin, su, biberon verildi\u011fi andan itibaren s\u00fct salg\u0131s\u0131 azalmaya ba\u015flar. Aksine bebe\u011finizin a\u00e7l\u0131k belirtileri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131k\u00e7a emzirdi\u011finizde ve her memede en az 10-20 dakika emmesine izin verdi\u011finizde s\u00fct \u00fcretimi bebe\u011fe yetecek en ideal seviyeye ula\u015f\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Emzirmi\u015f, ya da emzirmekte olan bir anneyseniz bilirsiniz, hen\u00fcz emzirmemi\u015fseniz bunu ileride ya\u015fayacaks\u0131n\u0131z:
\n<\/strong>Emzirme eylemi esnas\u0131nda anne s\u00fct\u00fc kanallarda ilerledi\u011finde olu\u015fan “hareketlenme” anne taraf\u0131ndan hissedilebilir. Bunu anneler emzirme esnad\u0131nda g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerde “kar\u0131ncalanma”, “yanma”, “uyu\u015fma”, “ka\u015f\u0131nt\u0131”, “\u00fcrperme” ya da daha farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde, ancak genellikle tuhaf ancak rahats\u0131zl\u0131k vermeyen bir\u015fey olarak hissederler. Baz\u0131 anneler ise s\u00fct kanallarda ilerledi\u011finde hi\u00e7bir\u015fey hissetmezler. Bu hissi bir emzirme esnas\u0131nda birden fazla kereler ya\u015fayan anneler de vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Meme dokusu yeni do\u011fmu\u015f bir bebe\u011fin ihtiyac\u0131 olan anne s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcretilmesi ve salg\u0131lanmas\u0131 g\u00f6revlerini m\u00fckemmel olarak yerine getirecek bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir. Meme dokusu gebelik d\u00f6neminde artan hormonlar\u0131n etkisiyle daha...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":117,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-egitimler","post_format-post-format-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=65"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":340,"href":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65\/revisions\/340"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/117"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=65"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=65"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.erbaakarayakaasm.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=65"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}